2018年解放軍文職招聘考試——英語04-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊文職考試-紅師教育
發(fā)布時間：2018-01-30 10:29:141、Our high school has an assembly ______ 2 weeks.A.everyB.eachC.perD.for答案：A難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A6、The ship took machines and other goods back to the port ________ it had set off.A.from whichB.to whichC.whichD.in which答案：A難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A7、He had been having trouble ______a hotel room.A.reservingB.to reserveC.reservedD.reserve答案：A難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A8、I advise that she _______ another day.A.will comeB.comesC.cameD.should come答案：D難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A10、- Does he speak English or Russian?- He doesn"t speak_________.A.eitherB.neitherC.anotherD.none答案：A難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A14、We really didn"t like the ___ of the vegetables.A.flourB.favorC.fableD.flavor答案：D難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A15、The new teller could not ______ how to use her calculator until the boss explained.A.amount toB.figure outC.add up toD.consult from答案：B難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A16、For most people, it takes _______ effort to memorize a long poem.A.to considerB.consideringC.considerableD.considerate答案：C難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A18、______ that my head had cleared, my brain was also beginning to work much better.A.ForB.SinceC.NowD.Despite答案：C難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A21、In Britain, the best season of the year is probably ____spring.A.laterB.lastC.latterD.late答案：D難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A24、His brother is very ______ about wines.A.awareB.learnedC.knowledgeableD.skeptical答案：C難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A25、You have only 1000 words in which to ______ his speech.A.amount toB.sum upC.lead toD.take up答案：B難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A28、The explanation given by the manager yesterday was not at all ____ to us.A.satisfyB.satisfiedC.satisfyingD.satisfactory答案：D難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A29、Our products are displayed in Stand B22, _____ you will find me during office hours.A.whenB.whichC.thatD.where答案：D難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A30、This book discusses the most recent events of space travel, it certainly is ____.A.up to nowB.up to this momentC.up to this pointD.up to date答案：D難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A31、Scarcely had the car stopped ________ the cell phone began to ring.A.thanB.whenC.afterD.before答案：B難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A32、The worst thing _______ television is that many people have become its slaves.A.aboutB.inC.withD.from答案：A難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A33、When the girl heard the news, she could do nothing but ________ back home.A.goingB.wentC.to goD.go答案：D難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A34、Her determination to ________ her goal of life motivated her to greater effort.A.retainB.attainC.maintainD.entertain答案：B難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A35、This couple has two daughters, _________ of whom is working in the U. S.A.the youngerB.the youngestC.a youngerD.the young答案：A難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A36、They ________ thankful to have the opportunity to further their studies.A.would like to beB.ought to beC.would rather beD.had better be答案：B難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A37、Large fish usually _____ small fish.A.gatherB.take onC.feed onD.organize答案：C難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A38、All I got was a busy ____when I dialed his number.A.signB.noiseC.signalD.voice答案：C難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A39、You should take care that you have not ________ any detail in the design.A.disappearedB.thrownC.deliveredD.neglected答案：D難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A143、I don"t think anyone can accuse her _____not being frank.A.withB.inC.ofD.at答案：C難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A144、The little village hasn"t changed much __________a new road and two more stores.A.exceptB.besidesC.except thatD.except for答案：D難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A145、He asked her to go to a concert with him but she turned his invitation __________politely.A.downB.outC.awayD.up答案：A難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A146、__________Japanese, she has to study another foreign language.A.ExceptB.Except forC.In addition toD.Beside答案：C難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A147、In learning English we should not __________our students of their mistakes all the time.A.remindB.rememberC.remainD.remark答案：A難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A148、These three teachers vary __________their manner of teaching.A.betweenB.fromC.withD.in答案：D難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A149、Who can it be? I"m quite __________a loss to guess.A.ofB.onC.inD.at答案：D難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A150、The monitor __________the examination papers to the class for his teacher.A.deliveredB.distributedC.reportedD.presented答案：B難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A151、Have you any __________that you were not there at 9 o"clock last night?A.statementB.causeC.wordsD.proof答案：D難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A152、The children looked up as the planes passed __________.A.overallB.overheadC.outwardD.forward答案：B難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A153、Charles Dickens __________many wonderful characters in his novels.A.inventedB.discoveredC.uncoveredD.created答案：D難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A154、Many young people find it harder to appreciate __________music than pop music.A.simpleB.lightC.ancientD.classical答案：D難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A155、If the wounded soldier had been given first __________, he would not have died.A.helpB.aidC.careD.attention答案：B難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\詞法A
2018年解放軍文職招聘考試——英語02-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊文職考試-紅師教育
發(fā)布時間：2018-01-26 14:32:002、_____ moving at his usual stately pace, he was almost running.A.According toB.In the light ofC.Instead ofD.Owing to答案：C難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\結(jié)構(gòu)A3、They are willing to care for the _____ and disabled.A.oldestB.elderC.olderD.elderly答案：D難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\結(jié)構(gòu)A4、The child was _______ by his bad grades and did not want to go to school.A.discouragedB.encouragedC.delightedD.disagreed答案：A難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\結(jié)構(gòu)A5、The sales had started and the __________ hunters were out in great numbers.A.bargainB.saleC.buyingD.deal答案：A難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\結(jié)構(gòu)A9、I was very tired. Otherwise, I _________ to the theatre with you.A.had goneB.would goC.wentD.would have gone答案：D難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\結(jié)構(gòu)A11、It is a puzzle to me that Steve who has been working ______ wants to quit the course.A.diligentlyB.frequentlyC.unwillinglyD.casually答案：A難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\結(jié)構(gòu)A12、John suggested _________ anything about it until they found out more facts.A.not to sayB.not sayC.to say notD.not saying答案：D難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\結(jié)構(gòu)A13、Mrs. Johnson _________ about it before me.A.would not like speakingB.would not like to speakC.had better not speakingD.had better not to speak答案：B難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\結(jié)構(gòu)A17、Are you certain that this is _____ in his letter？A.grandfather expressedB.what grandfather has expressedC.grandfather has expressedD.which grandfather has expressed答案：B難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\結(jié)構(gòu)A19、Not only Tom but also his wife ______fond of watching television.A.areB.wereC.beD.was答案：D難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\結(jié)構(gòu)A20、On hearing the news of _____the examination, the boy was very happy.A.his having passedB.he passedC.his being passedD.to pass答案：A難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\結(jié)構(gòu)A22、In Britain people drive ______the left.A.atB.onC.toD.in答案：B難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\結(jié)構(gòu)A23、The manager promised to keep me ____ of how our business was going on.A.to be informedB.on informingC.informedD.informing答案：C難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\結(jié)構(gòu)A26、Not until 1868 ______ made the capital of the state of Georgia.A.Atlanta wasB.was AtlantaC.when Atlanta wasD.when was Atlanta答案：B難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\結(jié)構(gòu)A27、_____ pollution control measures are expensive, local governments hesitate to adopt them.A.AlthoughB.HoweverC.BecauseD.Moreover答案：C難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\結(jié)構(gòu)A40、I won"t complain as long as I _____ where I want to go.A.will getB.getC.gotD.would get答案：B難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\結(jié)構(gòu)A136、Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used ____late for his lecture.A.to have studentsB.for students" beingC.for students to beD.to students" being答案：D難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\結(jié)構(gòu)A137、The mad man was put in the soft padded cell lest he ____himself.A.injureB.had injuredC.injuredD.would injure答案：D難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\結(jié)構(gòu)A138、If tap water were as dangerous as some people think, ____would be getting sick.A.a lot of more usB.more a lot of usC.a lot of us someD.a lot more of us答案：D難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\結(jié)構(gòu)A139、The car ____halfway for no reason.A.broke offB.broke downC.broke upD.broke out答案：B難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\結(jié)構(gòu)A140、Jane never dreams of ____for her to be sent abroad very soon.A.there being a chanceB.there to be a chanceC.there be a chanceD.being a chance答案：A難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\結(jié)構(gòu)A141、Frequently single-parent children ____some of the functions that the absent adult in the house would have served.A.take offB.take afterC.take inD.take on答案：D難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\結(jié)構(gòu)A142、I"d rather you ____make any comment on the issue for the time being. A.don"tB.wouldn"tC.didn"tD.shouldn"t答案：C難度：1知識點：詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)部分\大學英語A\結(jié)構(gòu)A
2017年省軍隊文職考試考試崗位能力備考：圖形推理中的英語專題
圖形推理規(guī)律推理題一般分為五類題型:位置類、樣式類、屬性類、數(shù)量類和功能類。熟練掌握這五類題型的技巧是大家順利解題的基本要求。圖形推理題目中我們經(jīng)?？梢钥吹揭活愵}目就是給出的圖形都是英語字母。對于這樣的題目，我們要學會綜合運用以上五類題型的解題規(guī)律，同時更要把握這類題目的自身特點。下面，老師帶大家總結(jié)一下英語類圖形推理題目都是如何考查的。 1.一筆畫
解放軍文職招聘考試2010年考研英語一-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊文職考試-紅師教育
發(fā)布時間：2017-06-14 23:02:572010年考研英語一Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank.and mark[A]，[B]，[C]or[D]on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)In 1924 American National Research Council sent to engineer to supervise a series of experiments at a telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lighting __1__ workers productivity. Instead，the studies ended__2__ giving their name to the Hawthorne effect the extremely influential idea the very__3__to being experimented upon changed subjects behaviorThe idea arose because of the__4__behavior of the women in the plant.According to __5__of the experiments their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not __6__what was done in the experiment. __7__something was changed productivity rose . A(n) __8__ that they were being experimented upon seemed to be __9__to alter workers" behavior __10__ itselfAfter several decades，the same data were __11__to econometric the analysis Hawthorne experiments has another surprise store 12 the descriptions on record，no systematic __13__was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lightingIt turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may be have let to __14__interpretation of what happened.__15__，lighting was always changed on a Sunday When work started again on Monday, output __16__ rose compared with the previous Saturday and __17__ to rise for the next couple of days __18__ ，a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday, workers __19__to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case，before __20__a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged Hawthorne effect is hard to pin down1.[A] affected [B]achieved [C]extracted [D]restored2. [A]at [B]up [C]with [D]off3. [A]truth [B]sight [C]act [D]proof4. [A]controversial [B]perplexing [C]mischievous [D]ambiguous5. [A]requirements [B]explanations [C]accounts [D]assessments6. [A]conclude [B]matter [C]indicate [D]work7. [A]as far as [B]for fear that [C]in case that [D]so long as8. [A]awareness [B]expectation [C]sentiment [D]illusion9. [A]suitable [B]excessive [C]enough [D]abundant10. [A]about [B]for [C]on [D]by11. [A]compared [B]shown [C]subjected [D]conveyed12. [A]contrary to [B]consistent with [C]parallel with [D]peculiar to13.[A]evidence [B]guidance [C]implication [D]source14.[A]disputable [B]enlightening [C]reliable [D]misleading15.[A]In contrast [B]For example [C]In consequence [D]As usual16. [A]duly [B]accidentally [C]unpredictably [D]suddenly17. [A]failed [B]ceased [C]started [D]continued20.[A]breaking [B]climbing [C]surpassing [D]hittingSection Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing[A]，[B]，[C]or[D].Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)Text 2Over the past decade, thousands of patents have seen granted for what are called business methods.Amazon com received one for its one-click online payment system Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy.One inventor patented a technique for lying a box。Now the nation s top patent court appears completely ready to scale hack on business-method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago. In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz the U.S court of Appeals for the federal circuit said it would use particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents. In re Bilski, as the case is known, is a very big deal ， says Dermis"D, Crouch of the University of Missouri School of law.It has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patentsCurbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face because it was the federal circuit itself that introduced such patents with is 1998 decision in the so-called state Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets. That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings, initially by emerging internet companies trying to stake out exclusive pints to specific types of online transactions. Later, move established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might bent them to the punch. In 2005, IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than 300 business-method patents despite the fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them. Similarly, some Wall Street investment films armed themselves with patents for financial products, even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice。The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging risk in the energy market. The Federal circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all 12 of the court s judges, rather than a typical panel of three, and that one issue it wants to evaluate is whether it should reconsider its state street Bank ruling。The Federal Circuit s action comes in the wake of a series of recent decisions by the supreme. Count that has narrowed the scope of protections for patent holders. Last April, for example the justices signaled that too many patents were being upheld for inventions that are obvious. The judges on the Federal circuit are reaction to the anti-patent trend at the supreme court says Harole C Wegner, a par tend attorney and professor at Washington University Law School。26. Business-method patents have recently aroused concern because of[A] their limited value to business [B] their connection with asset allocation[C] the possible restriction on their granting [D] the controversy over authorization27. Which of the following is true of the Bilski case?[A] Its ruling complies with the court decisions [B] It involves a very big business transaction[C] It has been dismissed by the Federal Circuit [D] It may change the legal practices in the U.S。28. The word about-face (Line 1, Paro 3)most probably means[A] loss of good will [B]increase of hostility[C]change of attitude [D] enhancement of disunity29.We learn from the last two paragraphs that business-method patents[A] are immune to legal challenges [B] are of ten unnecessarily issued[C] lower the esteem for patent holders [D] increase the incidence of risks30.Which of the following would be the subject of the text?[A]A looming threat to business-method patents[B]Protection for business-method patent holders[C]A legal case regarding business-method patents[D] A prevailing tread against business-method patentsText 3In his book The Tipping Point Malcolm Aladuell argues that social epidemics are driven in large part by the acting of a tiny minority of special individuals, often called influentials who are unusual informed, persuasive, or we connect. The idea is intuitively compelling but it doesn"t explain how ideas actually spread。The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible sounding but largely untested theory called the tow-step flow of communication . Information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to everyone else. Marketers have embraced the two-step flow became it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials, those select people will do most of the work for them. The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of people was wearing, promoting or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention. Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people call drive trends。In their recent work, however, some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed. In fact , they don t seem to be required of all. The researchers" argument stems from a simple observation about social influence, with the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey-whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media, not interpersonal influence-even the most influential members of a population simply don"t interact with that many others. Yet it is precisely these non-celebrating influentials who according to the two-step-flow theory are supposed to drive social epidemics by influencing their friends and colleagues directly. For a social epidemic to occur however each person so affected must then influence his or her own acquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs and so on and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential. If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant, for example from the initial influential, prove resistant, for example the cascade of change won"t propagate very far or affect many people。Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence, the researchers studied the dynamics of populations manipulating a number of variables relating of populations, manipulating a number of variables relating to people s ability to influence others and their tendency to be。31. By citing the book The Tipping Point the author intends to[A] analyze the consequences of social epidemics[B] discuss influentials function in spreading ideas[C] exemplify people s intuitive response to social epidemics[D] describe the essential characteristics of influentials32. The author suggests that the two-step-flow theory[A] serves as a solution to marketing problems[B] has helped explain certain prevalent trends[C] has won support from influentials[D] requires solid evidence for its validity33. What the researchers have observed recently shows that[A] the power of influence goes with social interactions[B] interpersonal links can be enhanced through the media[C] influentials have more channels to reach the public[D]most celebritiea enjoy wide media attention34. The underlined phrase these people in paragraph 4 refers to the ones who[A]stay outside the network of social influence[B]have little contact with the source of influence[C]are influenced and then influence others[D] are influenced by the initial influential35. What is the essential element in the dynamics of social influence?[A]The eagerness to be accepted [B]The impulse to influence others[C]The readiness to be influenced [D]The inclination to rely on othersText 4Bankers have been blaming themselves for their troubles in public. Behind the scenes, they have been taking aim at someone else the accounting standard-setters. Their rules, moan the banks, have forced them to report enormous losses, and it s just not fair. These rules say they must value some assets at the price a third party would pay, not the price managers and regulators would like them to fetch。Unfortunately, banks lobbying now seems to be working. The details may be unknowable, but the independence of standard-setters, essential to the proper functioning of capital markets, is being compromised. And, unless banks carry toxic assets at prices that attract buyers, reviving the banking system will be difficult. After a bruising encounter with Congress, America s Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) rushed through rule changes. These gave banks more freedom to use models to value illiquid assets and more flexibility in recognizing losses on long0term assets in their income statement. Bob Herz, the FASB s chairman, cried out against those who question our motives。 Yet bank shares rose and the changes enhance what one lobby group politely calls the use of judgment by management。European ministers instantly demanded that the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) do likewise. The IASB says it does not want to act without overall planning, but the pressure to fold when it completes it reconstruction of rules later this year is strong Charlie McCreevy, a European commissioner, warned the IASB that it did not live in a political vacuum but in the real word and the Europe could yet develop different rules。It was banks that were on the wrong planet, with accounts that vastly overvalued assets. Today they argue that market prices overstate losses, because they Largely reflect the temporary illiquidity of markets, not the likely extent of bad debts. The truth will not be known for years. But bank s shares trade below their book value, suggesting that investors are skeptical. And dead markets partly reflect the paralysis of banks which will not sell assets for fear of booking losses, yet are reluctant to buy all those supposed bargains。To get the system working again, losses must be recognized and dealt with. America s new plan to buy up toxic assets will not work unless banks mark assets to levels which buyers find attractive. Successful markets require independent and even combative standard-setters. The FASB and IASB have been exactly that, cleaning up rules on stock options and pensions, for example, against hostility interests. But by giving in to critics now they are inviting pressure to make more concessions。36. Bankers complained that they were forced to[A]follow unfavorable asset evaluation rules [B]collect payments from third parties[C]cooperate with the price managers [D]reevaluate some of their assets37.According to the author, the rule changes of the FASB may result in[A]the diminishing role of management [B] the revival of the banking system[C]the bank s long-term asset losses [D]the weakening of its independence38. According to Paragraph 4, McCreevy objects to the IASB s attempt to[A] keep away from political influences [B] evade the pressure from their peers[C] act on their own in rule-setting [D]take gradual measures in reform39、The author thinks the banks were on the wrong planet in that they[A]misinterpreted market price indicators[B]exaggerated the real value of their assets[C]neglected the likely existence of bad debts[D]denied booking losses in their sale of assets40、The author s attitude towards standard-setters is one of[A]satisfaction [B]skepticism [C]objectiveness [D]sympathyPart BDirections:For Questions 41-45,choose the most suitable paragraphs from the first A-G and fill them into the numbered boxes to from a coherent text Paragraph E has been correctly placed. There is one paragraph which dose not fit in with the text. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(10 points)[A] The first and more important is the consumer s growing preference for eating out; the consumption of food and drink in places other than homes has risen from about 32 percent of total consumption in 1995 to 35 percent in 2000 and is expected to approach 38 percent by 2005. This development is boosting wholesale demand from the food service segment by 4 to 5 percent a year Europe compared with growth in retail demand of 1 to 2 percent. Meanwhile as the recession is looming large, people are getting anxious. They tend to keep a tighter hold on their purse and consider eating at home a realistic alternative。[B] Retail sales of food and drink in Europe s largest markets are at a standstill, leaving European grocery retailers hungry for opportunities to grow. Most leading retailers have already tried e-commerce, with limit success, and expansion abroad. But almost all have ignored the big, profitable opportunity in their own backyard the wholesale food and drink trade, which appears to be just the kind of market retailers need。[C] Will such variations bring about a change in the overall structure of the food and drink market? Definitely not. The functioning of the market is based on flexible trends dominated by potential buyers. In other words, it is up to the buyer rather than the seller to decide what to buy. At any rate this change will ultimately be acclaimed by an ever-growing number of both domestic and international consumers regardless of how long the current consumer pattern will take hold。[D] All in all, this clearly seems to be a market in which big retailers that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe may well expect to rake in substantial profits there by. At least, that is how it looks as a whole. Closer inspection reveals import differences among the biggest national markets, especially in their customer segments and wholesale structures, as well as the competitive dynamics of individual food and drink categories. Big retailers must understand these differences before they can identify the segments of European wholesaling in which particular abilities might unseat smaller but entrenched competitors. New skills and unfamiliar business models are needed too。[E] Despite variations in detail, wholesale markets in the countries that have been closely examined France, Germany, Italy, and Spain are made out of same building blocks. Demand comes mainly from two sources: independent morn-and-pop grocery stores which, unlike large retail chains, are two small to buy straight from producers, and food service operators range from snack machines to large institutional catering ventures, but most of these businesses are known in the trade as horeca ：hotels, restaurants, and cafes. Overall, Europe s retail wholesale market, but the figures, when added together, masks two opposing trends。[F] For example, wholesale food and drink sales come to $268 billion in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom in 2000-more than 40 percent of retail sales. Moreover, average overall margins are higher in wholesale than in retail; wholesale demand from the food service sector is growing quickly as more Europeans eat out more often; and changes in the competitive dynamics of this fragmented industry are at last making it feasible for wholesalers to considerate。[G] However, none of these requirements should deter large retails and even some large good producers and existing wholesalers from trying their hand, for those that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe stand to reap considerable gains。41 42 43 44 E 45Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written carefully on ANSWER SHEET 2.(10 Points)One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly one economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value Yet these creatures are members of the biotic community and , if its stability depends on its intensity, they are entitled to continuanceWhen one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and if we happen to love it. We invert excuses to give it economic importance At the beginning of century songbirds were supposed to be disappearing。(46)Scientists jumped to the rescure with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect the insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them the evidence had to be cambric in order to be valid。It is painful to read these round about accounts today. We have no land ethic yet. (47)but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right regardless of the presence of absence of economic advantage to us。A parallel situation exists in respect of predatory mammals and fish-eating birds(48)Time was when biologists somewhat over worded evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak or that they prey only on worthless species 。Some species of tree have been read out of the party by economic minded foresters they grow too slowly or have too low a sale vale to pay as imeber crops (49)In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced ,the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason。To sum up, a system of conservation based solely on economic self-interest is hopelessly lopsided. (50)It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning. Without the uneconomic pats。Section III WritingPart A51.Directions:You are supposed to write for the postgraduate association a notice to recruit volunteers for an international conference on globalization, you should conclude the basic qualification of applicant and the other information you think relative。You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use postgraduate association instead。Part B52.Directions:Write an essay of 160200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) give your comments。You should write neatly on ANSHWER SHEET2.(20 points)2010英語真題參考答案一、完型填空1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.C 6. B 7.D 8.A 9.C 10.D11.C 12.A 13.A 14.D 15.B 16.A 17.D 18.C 19.B 20.D二、閱讀理解Text2 CDCBDText3 BDACCText4 AACCD三、新題型41.B 42.F 43.D 44.G 45.A四、翻譯46.科學家們貿(mào)然拿出一些看似站不住腳的證據(jù)來補救，其大意是：鳥類不能控制害蟲的話，害蟲就會把我們?nèi)祟惓缘簟?7.但是至少我們幾乎承認了這樣一種觀點，那就是不管鳥類的生存對我們是否有經(jīng)濟利益，它們都有與生俱來的生存權(quán)利。48.曾幾何時，生物學家們總是重申這樣的事實：這些生物通過捕食弱小的生物來維系健康的生物鏈，或者說它們只不過是在捕食無價值的物種。49.在歐洲，生態(tài)林業(yè)較為發(fā)達，那些無商業(yè)價值的樹種被視為天然森林群落的成員，應(yīng)該得到合理保護。50.這種體系通常忽視并最終導(dǎo)致很多陸地上物種的滅絕，這些物種往往是沒有商業(yè)價值但卻對陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的健康運行至關(guān)重要。五、WritingAn AnnouncementJan. 9, 2010International Conference on Globalization, from March 3rd to 10th, will be held at Tsinghua University. We, the Postgraduates Association, are entitled to organize this conference. Thus, we are badly in need of volunteers to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs, including reception, distribution of documents, technical support, etc。Students who have previous experience as volunteers are preferred. Basic knowledge in computer, fluent oral English and an amicable personality are some of the qualities we desire. Volunteers shall be available for at least 3 days without absence during the conference。If you are interested and willing to have a whole new experience in this semester, please do not hesitate to send your resume to liming@hotmail.com before Jan. 20th. Your applications are welcome。Postgraduates AssociationAs is vividly betrayed in the drawing above, a hotpot is boiling with various forms of both domestic and alien cultures, which could be categorized as literature, moral values and performing arts. What is indicated in the drawing does reflect a fact and is most thought-provoking。The connotation of the drawing can be interpreted as following. China launched Reform and Opening-up in 1978, which has promoted the rapid growth of national economy. The development of economy has brought about the great changes of culture, especially the traditional culture. At present, Chinese and Western cultures conflict with each other but also merge into a unique form to a certain degree. In the highly-integrated world today, no country is an isolated island. Every nation is faced with miscellaneous alien culture. China needs to assimilate a good deal of foreign progressive culture。As far as I am concerned, some necessary measures should be taken. On one hand, more efforts must be made to popularize cultures worldwide. On the other hand, a nationwide education campaign should be launched among people, especially the young, so as to cultivate an appropriate sense of cultural concept. Only in these ways can we make greater contributions to the world cultural heritage。
