2019解放軍文職招聘考試教育學(xué)英語知識點329-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊文職考試-紅師教育
發(fā)布時間:2019-04-28 11:43:281.語言的障礙2.文化背景知識的障礙因為文化背景知識是閱讀的無形障礙。由于不了解英語國家的文化背景,因此有時很難做出判斷。所以多做泛讀的訓(xùn)練將有所幫助。3.閱讀技巧的障礙
2019解放軍文職招聘考試教育學(xué)英語知識點12-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊文職考試-紅師教育
發(fā)布時間:2019-04-28 08:05:34三、 常見習(xí)慣用語(一) 知識概要由于英語國家的語言習(xí)慣與中國的語言習(xí)慣有許多不同之處,所以造成了許多同學(xué)在做選擇或書寫,或與人交談中造成誤用中國方式來對英語的問句作解答。例如一 個小女孩十分好看,可愛,外國人見到時會講: You are so beautiful? 這時的答語應(yīng)該是 Thank you? 如果外國人發(fā)現(xiàn)你的英語不錯,他們會講: Your English is very good? 這時中國人常常會說:不,我說的不好。這純是一種禮貌的答語,但是不符合英語習(xí)慣。它正確的答語應(yīng)是 Thank you? 雖然交際英語有一些規(guī)律可講,但更重要的是學(xué)習(xí)外國的生活習(xí)慣,了解他們的文化背景,歷史淵源,這樣才能真正的學(xué)好一門外語。(二) 正誤辨析[誤] - What can I do for you?- Yes, please help me?[正] - What can I do for you?- I"d like to buy a sweater?[析] What can I do for you? 這一問語實際上用于的情景很多,要根據(jù)具體情況而定。如在商店中售貨員講這句話應(yīng)譯為:您想要點什么?在其他場合也可以被譯為:我能為您做些什么?它的答語應(yīng)是直接講出想讓對方提供的幫助。[誤] - Which colour do you like?- Sorry, I don"t like?[正] - Which colour do you like?- I prefer blue?[析] 由 which 來提問的問句是要回答具體的選擇,而不能泛指,泛泛的回答。如 Yes, I like it?[誤] Do you like to come with us tonight?[正] Would you like to come with us tonight?[析] Do you like 問的是對方的習(xí)慣,如: Do you like swimming? Do you like collecting stamps? 而 would you like 則是一次性的邀請、提議。邀請的英語表達(dá)法還有如下幾種:Shall we go? 我們走吧!Let"s go? 讓我們走吧!How about having a cup of tea? 喝杯茶如何?What about a cup of coffee? 喝杯咖啡如何?Why not buy it? 為什么不買呢?其肯定答語一般為Certainly, Yes, O.K. All right, With pleasure?[誤] Sorry, I"ve kept you waiting?Not at all?[正] Sorry, I"ve kept you waiting?Never mind?[析] 介意不介意 這一問法與答語在中英文中有所不同。如:- Do you mind my smoking here? - _________A. Yes, do it please?B. No, of course not?C. Yes, take it please?D. No, you can"t take it?這時正確的選擇應(yīng)是B。 其意為:不介意,當(dāng)然不。而A選項則自相矛盾了,它應(yīng)譯為:是的我介意,請抽吧。而D選項是:不介意,你不能抽。當(dāng)向?qū)Ψ綘幥笠庖姇r,可以有以下問法:Do you mind if I open the door?Would you mind mailing the letter for me?其答語如果是同意應(yīng)為: Certainly not, not at all?而不同意時應(yīng)為 Yes, 或 I"m sorry?[誤] What"s that man?He is Mike?[正] What"s that man?He is a teacher?[正] Who"s that man?He is Mike? (He is Mike"s father?)[析] 由 what 提問是問的職業(yè),由 who 提問問的是姓名或身份。[誤] - How much are they?- Half a kilo, please?[正] - How many bananas do you want?- Half a kilo? Please?[析] How much are they? 問的是價格而不是實際物品的多少。[誤] I"m sorry, but is this the way to the park?[正] Excuse me, but is this the way to the park?[析] I"m sorry 是對已經(jīng)做錯了的事向?qū)Ψ降狼笗r的開始語。而 Excuse me? 是在打擾對方之前表達(dá)歉意的話。[誤] - Have a good time tonight!- You are the same?[正] - Have a good time tonight!- The same to you?[析] The same to you 是表達(dá)我也祝您有個愉快的夜晚,它是美語中的習(xí)慣用法。[誤] - What"s the problem?- I"ve got a headache?[正] What"s wrong with you?I"ve got a headache?